Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency (APLDA)

About :

In order to improve the productivity of the existing livestock, a massive programme of Breed Improvement through door step Artificial insemination is launched by Government of India under the scheme of NPCBB Restructuring of Breeding Operations.

Andhra Pradesh is one of the pioneer states which has taken up “Restructuring of Breeding Operations” by involving farmers organizations by establishing state level autonomous body. APLDA is formed in April 2000, to provide quality inputs and for channelizing inputs to the AI practitioners to take up doorstep AI on self-employment basis. It has taken up a gigantic task to expand AI facilities, to cover entire breedable population aiming at Productivity optimization. APLDA provides animal breeding services at farmer’s doorstep, on cost recovery basis, covering total breedable population of 105.83 lakhs cattle and buffaloes belonging to 30 lakh farmers spread over 28245 revenue villages in the state. APLDA is an autonomous organization with specialized objectives.

Genesis

APLDA was registered under AP Societies Registrations Act, 1350 Fasli with registration No: 7146 of 1999 dated: 13.10.1999. The Government have appointed the Chairman & Executive Committee (EC) members vide G.O Ms No: 85, dated: 02.08.1999. As per AP Reorganization Act 2014, APLDA has been included in Tenth Schedule and the Executive Committee & General Body resolved for division into two separate entities with the names APLDA which started functioning separately since 02.06.2014. APLDA is now extending its operations in thirteen (13) Districts of A.P. State.

Objectives

To expand Artificial Insemination to cover entire breedable population at farmer’s doorstep aiming at productivity optimization through improved breeding and through a system of recycling of revenue, making it selfsustainable.

To channelize all the inputs needed to provide Artificial Insemination facility.

To regulate and ensure quality control of inputs and services rendered by the field workers.

Capacity building of personnel for effective management.

Functions

Production and procurement of quality inputs like Frozen Semen, Liquid Nitrogen, equipment and their timely supply.

Crossbreeding of cattle, up-gradation of buffaloes, maintenance and development of indigenous Germplasm in breeding tracts and assessing the breeding needs.

Maintenance of quality Artificial Insemination services.

Standardizing methodology of AI and designing of training programmes.

Generation of self employment to unemployed rural youth as Gopalamitras.

Training and positioning of the AI Technicians.

Educating the farmers on breeding activities and reproductive management.

Applying the latest technologies & presenting the benefits of advanced research programmes at the doorstep of farmers.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (EC)

Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency (APLDA) is operating with 13 district Livestock Development Associations (DLDAs) functioning at district level as satellite bodies to carry out the Restructuring of Breeding Operations in the state. Both the bodies have independent but well defined roles. APLDA has commercial role of producing quality inputs while DLDAs have promotional and developmental role, arranging services for cattle & buffalo development.

The Executive Committee of APLDA is delegated with overall powers for running the organization. The EC is headed by a Chairman and consists of 27 members as detailed below:

The Executive Committee will meet four times in a year to carry out the regular business of the Agency and General Body will meet once in a year to adopt Annual Accounts.

The Chief Executive Officer of the Agency is a professionally qualified person chosen on merit and he is vested with both administrative and financial powers. He is assisted by both administrative as well as technical staff.

At present, Sri Y. Venkatarama Mohan Rao (Dorababu) is the Chairman of APLDA and Dr. P. D. Kondala Rao is the Chief Executive Officer of APLDA.

Organogram of APLDA

Human Resources

The staff of APLDA is deputed from the State Animal Husbandry Department. The salary is being paid from the State Govt as Grants-in-aid. The category wise staff working under APLDA is as follows

Category	Sanctioned Strength
Technical (Veterinarians)	71
Paravets & Other technical	69
Ministerial	76
Class IV employees	153
Drivers	19
Total	388

Apart from the above staff the APLDA is also taking the services of Experts as consultants on contract basis to carryout the specialized activites.

Monitoring System

To carry out the APLDA programmes more effectively, an efficient monitoring system has been developed with existing infrastructure which it is illustrated below.

Breeding Policy

The Breeding policy drafted for Andhra Pradesh is in line with the National Breeding Policy, the main features are,

Upgrading the non-descript as well as graded buffaloes with Murrah Breed in entire state

Promoting use of indigenous breeds like Ongole and Deoni in their breeding tracts.

Cross breeding of non-descript local cattle with exotic breeds like Jersey in all districts and HF in few selected districts.

Inter-se-mating of crossbred cattle with crossbred semen ensuring exotic blood level of about 50%.

The main objective of the breeding policy is to improve milk yield in NonDescript cattle and buffaloes to improve Milk Yield and Draught Power in Indigenous Cattle

Artificial Insemination is the main tool for implementation of breeding policy, however Organised Natural Service (ONS) is pursued in areas where it is difficult to introduce AI.

Revisiting of the present Breeding Policy and to evolve a revised policy is under progress

Financial Management

The infrastructural development of APLDA is done through the financial assistance from the Govt. of India under the scheme, National Project for Cattle and Buffaloe Breeding (NPCBB). The salary part of the expenditure and non-salary (recurring) expenditure is being released from the State Govt as grants-in-aid. Govt. of India have designed a Central Sector Scheme the “National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB)” to be implemented for a period of 10 years from the year 1999-2000 to 2012-13. A total amount of Rs.9230.95 Lakh were released during phase-I & II for implementation in A.P.

Components in NPCBB:

1. Strengthening LN transport and distribution System

2. Bull Production Programme.

3. Support to SIAs, Breeders Assns., Goshalas, Cooperatives, NGOs for Field Performance Recording, Progeny Testing, ONBS etc.

4. Procurement of breeding bulls for natural service.

5. Strengthening field AI network.

6. Manpower Developement (Gopalmitra).

7. Strengthening / establishment of training centres.

8. Assistance to Private AI Workers.

9. Sexual Health control programme

Achievements of APLDA during the last decade:

Coverage of Breedable Population : 25% to 55%

Expansion of AI Network (GM Centres) : 516 to 4269

No. of AI Done by Gopalamitras (Lakhs) : 0.88 to 27.00

Improved Calves born out of AI done by Gopalamitras (Lakhs) : 0.28 to 9.65

Conception Rate (%) : 38.54 to 55.33

AI /Conception : 3.02 to 2.01

Frozen Semen Doss Produced (Lakhs) : 18.00 to 59.71

Supply of LN (Lakh Lts) : 11.00 to 24.19

No. of Animals Procured under PTP : 153

During the year 2012-13 proposals were submitted to GoI for Rs.49.04 Crores under NPCBB

Milk Production (MTs) Trends from 1999 – 2000 to 2012-13 in Andhra Pradesh

IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL DAIRY PLAN – I

The key components of NDP-I:

Productivity Enhancement:

Production of high genetic merit (HGM) cattle and buffalo bulls and import of Jersey/HF Bulls for semen production.

1. Progeny testing
2. Pedigree Selection
3. Import of bulls (equivalent embryos)
4. Conservation of native breeds

Strengthening existing semen stations/starting new stations for producing high quality disease free semen doses

1. Strengthening existing semen stations – (A&B Grade semen stations only)
2. Establishment of New Semen Stations (Already one FSBS is sanctioned under NPCBB during 2011-12)

Breeding Bulls

Frozen Semen Production

Frozen Semen Bull Stations

Four Frozen Semen Bull Stations are functioning at Vizag, Nandyal and Banavasi and producing Frozen Semen with total capacity of 60-70 lakh doses per annum. The present stock position of breeding bulls in all four FSBS is 148 Murrah, 19 Jersey, 19 Holstein Frisian, 10 Ongole, 61 Jersey Crossbred bulls, totalling 257 bulls

Frozen Semen Laboratories

Frozen Semen Production

All four FSBSs are producing Frozen Semen and 22 DLDAs are handling the distribution of the FS in the state. About 59.71 lakh doses of FS were produced by these four FSBSs and about 71.70 lakh doses are distributed to the field AI centers in the year 2012-13.

Breed	No.of Bulls	Doses Produced	Average Production/Bull
Murrah	141	2957388	20974
Jersey	17	309970	18234
CBJY	51	1469109	28806
H.F	14	510840	36489
Ongole	10	385100	38510
TOTAL	233	5632407	24173

Breed wise Frozen Semen Doses Production during the year 2012-13

FSBS wise Frozen Semen Doses Production during the year 2012-13

Gopalamitra AI done & Calves born from inception to 2012-13

Breeding Bulls for Natural Service:

Breeding bulls supplied to the remote villages where AI facility is not available on the request of the farmers and recommendations of the concerned officers. The particulars of bulls distributed during 2012-13are as follows:

Sl.No	District	Bulls Supplied During 2012 - 2013
		Ongole	Murrah	Total
1	Kurnool	4	22	26
2	Nellore		13	13
3	Prakasham		2	2
	Total	4	37	41

Ongole breed development

India possesses vast natural resources of cattle wealth. Best breeds of the cattle like Sahiwal, Tharparkar, Red Sindhi, Ongole are developed in the country. Ongole breed of cattle is the pride of Andhra Pradesh.

Andhra Pradesh is the home tract of Ongole breed. They are available in Prakasam, Nellore, Guntur, Krishna, East Godavari, West Godavari, Vizag and Kurnool districts. It is well known for its multi-purpose like draught, milk, beef, game, aesthetic value etc., keeping in view of its multipurpose nature and the growing demand both within and outside the country, there is need to develop long term development strategies with involvement of all stake holders.

Population of Ongole Cattle in Andhra Pradesh (according to census) 2007 is 2.73 lakhs

Ongole bulls (sons of champions) selected from the breeding tract are being used at FSBS for semen collection of inseminating the Ongole type animals in 22 districts

Earlier, the selection of bull was done basing on the Phenotypic characters but now under APLDA, the Pedigree of the sire and dam is being considered for selection of a bull

As a result of concerted efforts, the production of Frozen Semen of Ongole breed was increased to 3.85 lakh doses in the year 2012-13 from 1.72 lakhs doses in the year 2003-2004, similarly the number of AI done in Ongole Cows increased to 3.82 lakhs in the year 2012-13 from 82,000 in the year 2003-04

Strategies for future development of Ongole Breed:

1. To intensify selection of superior bulls & cows
2. To set up bull mother farms by all stake holders
3. To develop MOET for faster genetic gain
4. Encourage farmers with incentives & buy back assurance
5. Set up State & District level steering committees to periodically evaluate & suggest.

Livestock Insurance Programme (LIS) :

Government of India is implementing Centrally Sponsored Livestock Insurance Scheme (LIS) in the State since 2006-07 with 100% Grant to mitigate the Livestock losses due to unforeseen conditions. APLDA is the implementing Agency for the scheme and implementing through Public & Private sector General Insurance Companies. 14 Earlier 2006 to 2009-10, the scheme was implemented in only (8) Districts of the State. From 2010-11 onward the scheme is being implemented in all the (22) Districts of the State.

The progress made during the year 2012-13 is mentioned hereunder:

Sl.No	Activity	Physical	Financial (Rs. in lakh)
1	No. of Animlas Insured	1,70,267	724.34
2	No. of Farmers Benefited	1,54,121	-
3	No. of Claims made	7571	-
4	No. of Claims Setteled	7099	1188.92
5	Amount released by GoI		900.00

During 2013-14 the following premium rates are approved under LIS  a. For One year - 3.25% + ST (12.36%)  b. For three years - 8.29% + ST(12.36%) The programme has been launched during August-2013 duly identifying the insurance companies in the districts. An amount of Rs.950.00 Lakhs is released from Govt of India towards the premium subsidy.

Quality Control Measures Taken:

1. Breeding soundness evaluation was carried out for 219 bulls stationed at four Frozen Semen Bull Stations. This work also included testicular measurements.
2. In the field of Semenology, the Andrology Laboratory has examined 490 stained slides (Dry smear) from all four-bull stations and for morphology and wet smear examination was carried out for 476 samples.
3. 852 Frozen semen samples of different breeds randomly received from Semen Stations were examined during the year 2012-13 for Hypo-Osmotic Swelling Test (HOST).
4. 849 Frozen semen samples of different breeds randomly received from the Semen Stations were examined during the year 2012-13 for Acrosomal Integrity Test.
5. 845 Frozen semen samples of different breeds randomly received from the Semen Stations were examined during the year 2012-13 for Sperm Concentration in Frozen Semen Straw.
6. 853 Frozen semen samples of different breeds randomly received from the Semen Stations were examined during the year 2012-13 for Colony Forming Units i.e for bacterial Load per Fs dose.
7. In Karyotyping 88 bulls were screened for chromosomal aberrations and results were all normal. The Karyological study is being undertaken once in a life time for all the breeding bulls before introducing into the collection programme.

Quality Certification :

All four Frozen Semen Bull Stations and Andrology Lab are ISO 9001:2008 Certified for Production, Processing and Dispatch of Frozen Semen Straws vide Licence No.QSC/L- 6005320.2 dated 05.03.2012 which is valid from 03.01.2012 to 02.01.2015.

Doorstep Artificial insemination programme in Andhra Pradesh

Milk Recording Activity under PTP

Calf Rally under Progeny Testing Programme